Load Regulation in a switching power supply refers to the stability of its output voltage when the load changes.

When the load connected to a switching power supply changes, the supply needs to adjust its output voltage to keep it stable. Load regulation measures the extent to which the output voltage changes when the load changes.

Load regulation is usually expressed as a percentage and calculated as follows:

Load regulation = (Vo_max - Vo_min) / Vo_nom * 100%

Where:

• Vo_max is the output voltage at the maximum load;

• Vo_min is the output voltage at the minimum load;

• Vo_nom is the rated output voltage of the switching power supply.

For example, if the rated output voltage is 12V, the output voltage is 11.9V at the maximum load and 12.1V at the minimum load, the load regulation is:

Load regulation = (12.1V - 11.9V) / 12V * 100% = 1.67%

A lower load regulation value indicates better output voltage stability as the load changes. Lower load regulation means that the switching power supply can provide a more stable output voltage under different load conditions, helping protect and stabilize the normal operation of equipment or circuits connected to it.